Chris,
Are your chapters individual InDesign files within a book or one single InDesign file.
If the desired pages always exist at the beginning of your chapters, you could break out “subchapter” InDesign files and then create a separate book that only includes those desired portions.
Existing Master Catalog book(400 pages, chapters of 50 pages):
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Broken out, as well as new Master Catalog book:
Chapter 1a
Chapter 1b
Chapter 2a
Chapter 2b
Chapter 3a
Chapter 3b
Chapter 4a
Chapter 4b
Chapter 5a
Chapter 5b
Chapter 6a
Chapter 6b
Chapter 7a
Chapter 7b
Chapter 8a
Chapter 8b
Smaller catalog book from the same files:
Chapter 1a
Chapter 2a
Chapter 3a
Chapter 4a
Chapter 5a
Chapter 6a
Chapter 7a
Chapter 8a
Xa would have the new chapter marker
Xb would continue from the previous (see book preferences)
If you keep your catalog details in a database, which can export to XML, you can automate your catalog. That would support a sub query solution to your problem.