InDesign’s style features are not entirely consistent in how they work — paragraph styles work slightly differently than character styles, which work differently than table styles… and then there’s object styles, which seem to play by their own rules sometimes. I was reminded of this recently when someone asked in our forums about why the “Based On” feature doesn’t seem to work for object styles. However, it does work… it just doesn’t work as cleanly or as obviously as the “Based On” feature in paragraph styles. For example, let’s say you make “Object Style 1” and you give it a fill, stroke, and other formatting: 
Now you make a brand new, fresh “Object Style 2” and you set the Based On popup menu to “Object Style 1”: 
You probably expect the object style to pick up all the formatting from Object Style 1, because that’s typically how paragraph styles work. But if you open the little twirly triangles in the Style Settings section, you’ll see that they’re all set to the default formatting — like, no fill or stroke: 
So that’s annoying. Fortunately, the solution is easy: Click the Reset to Base button. When you do that, it applies all the formatting from the “Based On” style: 
So now you can change some formatting… like here I’m changing the Fill color and then I click OK: 
Now the second object style is really based on the first. That means if I edit Object Style 1 and change, say, it’s stroke, it will affect all the other object styles based on
it: 
That Reset to Base button is helpful with paragraph styles and character styles, too, but it’s just about essential when it comes to making object styles that are based on others.
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I don’t see why you say the object styles act differently. If nothing is selected, a new style will take all the default settings. If text is selected, the new style sheet will have those attributes. And if an object is selected when making an object style, the style will also have the attributes of the selected object. But if nothing is selected, the object style will of course have the default settings.
The main difference is that you don’t have to click Reset to Base when making a paragraph style based on another. It just works.
Huh, that is interesting. I have definitely created object styles that were based on others without doing this. But I might have been creating an object first, making Style 1 from it, and then selecting an object with Style 1 applied and creating Style 2 from it. Changes to Style 1 then cascade as expected, at least for me!
Yup. That’s how I do it, too. Select an object with the “parent” style, hold option/alt-click on the new style button and make the changes you want in the “child” style. Just gotta make sure that Apply Style to Selection is unchecked in General options.